Side Effect: Fainting (Syncope)

What is Fainting (Syncope)?

Fainting, also known as syncope, is a temporary loss of consciousness due to a decrease in blood flow to the brain.

It is often triggered by a sudden drop in blood pressure or heart rate, leading to a lack of oxygen in the brain.

What does Fainting (Syncope) look like?

Fainting can look different in different people, but some common signs and symptoms that might be felt right before fainting include:

• Weakness or lightheadedness
• Dizziness or spinning sensation
• Blurred vision or tunnel vision
• Nausea or vomiting
• Sweating or clamminess
• Paleness or pallor
• Feeling of warmth or flushing

Who is at risk for Fainting (or experiencing syncope)?

While fainting is not a common symptom of cancer itself, patients may experience fainting due to the underlying medical conditions or the treatments they are receiving. For example, if your treatment causes dehydration, anemia, low blood sugar, or low blood pressure you might also be at risk of fainting.

Some therapies also increase risk of orthostatic hypotension which is when a sudden drop in blood pressure occurs when standing after laying down or being in a seated position.

How to prevent Fainting (Syncope)

To prevent fainting, it can be helpful to stay hydrated, avoid standing or sitting for long periods of time, and to try not to change positions too quickly. These types of preventative measures help to keep the blood pressure normal, and an adequate amount of blood flowing to the brain.

How to treat Fainting (Syncope)

• If you feel as though you might faint, loosen any restrictive clothing and if possible, lie down and elevate your legs and feet higher than your heart.
• If it is not possible to lie down you can sit and lean forward over your thighs, putting your head between your knees to help ensure an adequate amount of blood is flowing to the brain
• Once the fainting spell has passed it is important to identify and manage any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to the problem. This may involve adjusting medications, managing symptoms such as pain or nausea, or addressing underlying medical issues such as anemia or dehydration.